OUkosher.org

Monday, December 25, 2006

Glossary of Kosher Terms for Companies

The following are some non-English kosher terms that you may come across along with their explanations:

Bishul Yisroel (also spelled Bishul Yisrael): Certain foods require increased a Rabbi’s involvement in the cooking process.
The OU requires Bishul Yisroel on all of those products deemed to be included in the requirements for Bishul Yisroel under Jewish law.

Cholov Yisroel (also spelled Chalav Yisroel): Milk and milk products that was supervised by a Rabbi from the time of milking.
The OU does not require products to be Cholov Yisroel, but will certify a product that is Cholov Yisroel as such.

Glatt: Literally “smooth”. An animal whose lungs contained no questionable adhesions that could pose potential Kosher problems.
It is now commonly used to describe a higher level of Kosher supervision.

Kosher L’Pesach: Kosher for Passover; containing no leaven and no legumes and manufactured with Mashgiach Temidi.

Mashgiach Temidi: A manufacturing production with continuous supervision by a Rabbi. This is often called a “Special Production”.

Pareve: A food item that is neither meat or dairy (and can therefore be eaten with either) and was not manufactured on meat or dairy equipment.

Pas Yisroel (also spelled Pat Yisroel): Bakery products that were baked by a Rabbi. This can be fulfilled by having a Rabbi turn on the oven.
The OU does not require products to be Pas Yisroel, but will certify a product that is Pas Yisroel as such.

Yoshon: Grain products that are made from certain types of “winter” grains as defined by Jewish law.
The OU does not require products to be Yoshon, but will certify a product that is Yoshon as such.

Posted by sarah on 12/25 at 02:40 PM
Industrial KosherThe Kosher Certification Process

Monday, September 12, 2005

Pas Yisroel Products

OU Kosher Pas Yisroel List
as of Elul 5769


The Tur (Orach Chaim, Siman 603), based upon the Talmud Yerushalmi, cites the custom for Jews to be stringent during the Aseret Yimei Teshuva to eat exclusively ‘Pas Yisroel’ bread. Even those Jews who generally do not exclusively eat ‘Pas Yisroel’ are encouraged to accept this practice during the period between Rosh Ha-Shanah and Yom Kippur.

We are therefore presenting the list of all OU Pas Yisroel products.

What is Pas Yisroel?

How do you certify Pas Yisroel products?

Please note:
1) All OU-P (Kosher for Passover) Matzah products (e.g. Matzah, Matzah Meal, Matzah Meal products) are Pas Yisroel, even if not listed below.

2) Not all products on this list are available in all countries or geographic regions.

3) The OU Poskim are of the position that breakfast cereal and wafers are considered a tavshil and not pas and, therefore, are not subject to the the laws of Pas Yisroel.

4) Products which are also cholov yisroel and/or yoshon are so indicated.

5) Items manufactured in Israel are noted with an asterisk(*) and are all yoshon.

6) Food service establishments such as restaurants and caterers are noted with a (FSE).

Company/Brand Product Type
Abadi Bakery*All items
Acme [Albertson’s] (FSE)Clifton, NJ – all fresh baked products
Acme [Albertson’s] (FSE)Milltown, NJ – all fresh baked products
Acme [Albertson’s] (FSE)Narberth, PA – all fresh baked products
Albertson’s in-store Bakery (FSE)Boca Raton and Del Ray Beach – all fresh baked products
Amnon's Kosher PizzaFrozen Pizza (cholov yisroel)
Amnon's Kosher PizzaFrozen Pizza (cholov yisroel)
Angel’s Bakery*All products (when bearing an OU)
Awrey'sMicrowaveable Sandwich Bagel Halves, Mini Bagels, Cinnamon Raisin Bagels, Plain Bagels, Blueberry Bagels
Bag N’ SaveBread, rolls, buns
Bagel CityChallah, challah rolls (yoshon)
Bagels-N-More Challah, challah rolls (yoshon)
Barry’s Bakery Café and French Twists (when Pas Yisrael is written on the label)(yoshon)
Barth* Crackers
Bayit Vegan Guest House*All baked items
BellBialys (with special Hebrew packaging only) [Only available in Israel]
Betz Boys (Continental Food)Pizza (cholov yisroel)
BJ'sPlain Sliced Mini Bagels,Cinnamon Raisin Mini Bagels
Block & BarrelPlain Bagel, Classic Mini Plain Bagel
Brickfire BakeryPlain Sliced Mini Bagels
Brooklyn BagelFrozen, Poppy, Sesame Bagels (With special Hebrew packaging only) [Only available in Israel]
Bubba’s and Novelty Kosher PastriesAll baked goods (yoshon)
Burry FoodserviceMini Bagel Plain, Cinnamon Raisin Mini Bagels, Blueberry Mini Bagels, Wrapped Plain Bagel, Wrapped Cinnamon Raisin Bagel, Wrapped Blueberry Bagel
Canada BreadMini Bagel Plain, Mini Bagel Cinnamon Raisin, Mini Bagel Blueberry, Plain Bagel, Cinnamon Raisin Bagel, Blueberry Bagel
Circa-NY Midtown (FSE)Pizza (cholov yisroel) and breads
Continental BakeryBreads & Cakes
Continental Pastry, Inc.Various cakes, pies & pastries
CopenhagenButter cookies & low cholesterol cookies
Cub FoodsBakery Style Egg Bagels, Bakery Style Honey Wheat Bagels, Bakery Style Blueberry Bagels, Bakery Style Plain Bagels, Bakery Style Cinnamon Raisin Bagels
CVSButter cookies & low cholesterol cookies
Daily PitaAll pita bread
Dakota BrandsBagels, rolls
Damascus Must state pas yisroel on package
David’s CookiesHamentashen (only when labled as Pareve and Pas Yisroel)
Davidovitz*All products (when bearing an OU symbol)
Delacre*Cookies
Delancey DessertExclusively pas yisroel rolls, cookies, cakes, breads
Dr. Praeger's Fishies, fish sticks, and fish cakes, pizza bagels
Edwards & Sons*Breadcrumbs, croutons
Einat*Breadcrumbs, croutons
Elite*Biscuits
Elsa's Story*Cookies, crackers, pastries (not cholov yisroel)
EmpirePizza (cholov yisroel);
Ener-G*Gluten-free pretzels and crackers
EskalGluten-free cakes
European BakeryBreads
Everything SpeltAll baked products
Father SamAll pita bread
Fischer Brothers & Leslie (FSE)Challah, challah rolls
FlavoriteBakery Style Plain Bagels, Bakery Style Blueberry Bagels, Bakery Style Cinnamon Raisin Bagels
Friedman'sAll products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
GefenCrackers, cookies, matzoh (matzoh is yoshon)
Gefen*Chocolate cake, honey cake, marble cake
Giant EaglePocket breads (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Gold StarGranola
Golden StarCookies and pastries (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Glutino*Gluten free pretzels, crackers
Goodman, Goodman's (Joyce Food Products)Cakes & cookies (yoshon)
Grandpa’s “Old Southern” Coffee CakeAll baked items
Grandpa's Coffee CakeAll coffee cakes
Grandpa's Gourmet BiscottiBiscotti
Grandpa's International BakeryBreads
Guiltless GourmetWraps
Hadar*Assorted biscuits
Hafners Pastry shells w/ OU and Rabbi signature
Healthy Palate/Chef MartiniEggplant parmesan (breadcrumbs are pas yisroel)
Hema*Crackers
Hy-VeeEgg Bagels, Plain Bagels, Cinnamon Raisin Bagels, Blueberry Bagels, Onion Bagels, Bakery Style Onion Bagels, Apple Cinnamon Refrigerated Bagel, Honey Wheat Bakery Style Bagel
J & PPita bread
Jake's BakesAll products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Jewel-Osco [Albertson’s] (FSE)Evanston, IL – bread and kosher cakes
Jewel-Osco [Albertson’s] (FSE)Highland Park, IL – bread and kosher cakes
Josef’s OrganicAll products
KedemCookies, Cereal bars, Biscuits, Crackers
Kedem*Assorted crackers
Keefe KitchenPlain Bagels, Cinnamon Raisin Bagels
Kem KemCrackers
Kemach Food ProductsCookies (yoshon when stated on package), crackers (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
KineretCakes, rugalach
KitovAll products
L’Esti DessertsCakes and pastries (also yoshon)
Lakewood KollelAll products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Lilly'sAll products
M & M Kosher Bakery (FSE)Pita, baklava and lady fingers
Maadanot*Bourekas, malawah, pizza squares
MacabeePizza (cholov yisroel), Pizza Bagel (cholov yisroel), Breaded Eggplant (yoshon), Breaded Mushrooms (yoshon), Mozzarella Sticks (cholov yisroel, Yoshon)
Malon Shaarei Yerushalayim* (FSE)All baked products
Mani's*Cakes and tortes
Manischewitz Co.Tam tams (yoshon), Italian coating crumbs (yoshon), Matzah and Matzah Meal (Year-round, non-Kosher for Passover)
Maple Leaf BakerySafeway Natures Blend Plain Mini Bagel, Mini Bagels
MaplehurstBlock & Barrell Classic Mini Plain Bagel
Marzipan*Ruggelach
Matzot Carmel*Matzah
Max and HarryCakes and cookies
Mehadrin BakeryBreads, cookies, and pastries
Mendelson’s Pizza (FSE)Pizza (cholov yisroel) and breads
Mezonos MavenAll products
Milk ‘N Honey NYC (FSE)All baked products
MishpachaAll products
Moishy’sExclusively pas yisroel rolls, cookies, cakes, breads
Mother'sPie Crusts
Mount Sinai Hospital (FSE)Products bearing an OU symbol
Mountain FruitAll products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Mr. Baker*Assorted crackers,
Nana SylviaMandel bread
Naomi Caterers* (FSE)All baked items
Neeman Bakery* (FSE )All items
Neri’s Breads and bagels
Novelty Bakery and Novelty Kosher PastryAll products (cholov yisroel, yoshon)
Of Tov*Chicken Breast Nuggets
Original Bagel CompanyPlain Bagel, Cinnamon Raisin Bagel, Blueberry Bagel, Everything Bagel, Sesame Bagel, Plain Sandwich Bagel, Park Avenue Plain Mini Bagels, Park Avenue Cinnamon Raisin Mini Bagels, Park Avenue Blueberry Mini Bagels ,
OrionPlain Par-Baked Hot Stuff Bagel, Cinnamon Raisin Par-Baked Hot Stuff Bagel
Osem*All products
Ostreicher’sHamentashen (only when labled as Pareve and Pas Yisroel)
Pita Express (FSE)Pita bread (also yoshon)
Pituyim Cafe* (FSE)All items
Quality Food Industries*Croutons
Raft Foods*Croutons
Red Heifer Restaurant* (FSE)All baked products
Reisman Bros. BakeryAssorted cakes, cookies, rugalach
Renaissance Hotel Jerusalem * (FSE)All products
RokeachHamentashen (only when labled as Pareve and Pas Yisroel), snackers crackers, cookies, soup nuts
RomaBread, rolls, buns
Rottella’s Bread, rolls, buns
Royal Bakery HouseAll breads
Royal DanskLow cholesterol cookies (when indicated on package) [Available only in Israel]
Sabba*Biscuits
SavionCroutons
Shapiro’sAll products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Shop'n SaveBakery Style Plain bagel 12/5/3/ Oz., Bakery Style Cinnamon Raisin bagel 12/5/3 Oz., Bakery Style Blueberry Bagel 12/5/3 Oz., Bakery Style Honey Wheat Bagels 12/5/3 oz. Cinnamon Raisin Bagels, Onion Bagel, Egg Bagels, Plain Bagels, Blueberry Bagels
ShopriteChallahs and assorted breads (only when labeled Pareve and Pas Yisroel)
Simply BreadChallah (when stated on the label)
SmilowitzExclusively pas yisroel rolls, cookies, cakes, breads
SmunchiesAll baked goods
Spring Valley-MilmarMini pizza bagels (cholov yisroel), food service
Sruli'sAll products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Super 13All products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Tavor*Assorted cookies and cakes
Tel Aviv Kosher Bakery (Chicago) (FSE)Breads & cakes (yoshon)
The Fillo FactoryBaklava and pastry shells/cups (when marked pas yisroel)
The Old City Café (Upscale Foods)Pizza (cholov yisroel, yoshon); Burrito [cholov yisroel (where applicable), yoshon]; Macaroni and Cheese (cholov yisroel); Apple Strudel (yoshon)
Tierra Sur at Herzog Wine Cellars (FSE)All baked items
Tova-Sovata Exclusively pas yisroel rolls, cookies, cakes, breads
Village Crown Caterers (FSE)All baked items
Velka Café* (FSE)All baked items
V.I.P.Bread crumbs
Wegman’s Tortillas (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Wein'sAll products (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Weiss Kosher Cuisine (FSE)All baked items
Wholly Wholesome Pocket breads (when Pas Yisroel is written on the label)
Yarden*Assorted cookies
Yoni-Neptune Food Products*Schnitzel coatings
Zaatar Herb Pizza
Posted by yk on 09/12 at 01:55 PM
Consumer KosherPractical KashruthKosher in the Kitchen • (7017) Comments

Friday, November 06, 2009

Lo basi Ella L’orer; Bishul Akum

Questions of bishul akum surface all the time, and it is important when reviewing products and ingredients to be mindful of the issues of bishul akum. The following are some recent issues that have been discussed in the office relating to bishul akum.

There are several leniencies mentioned in the Gemara (Avoda Zara 38a) relating to bishul akum:
1. Cooked by a Yisroel to מאכל בן דרוסאי or cooked by a non-Jew to less than מאכל בן דרוסאי
2. A food which is אינו עולה על שולחן מלכים
3. A food which is נאכל כמו שהוא חי

Common examples of foods that must be bishul yisroel include Potatoes, Sweet potatoes, Squash, Pumpkin, Eggplant, Portobello mushrooms, Pasta, Rice, Eggs, Fish and Meat.

מאכל בן דרוסאי
It is important to note that although an ingredient may be certified kosher, it may still pose a future bishul akum concern. Foods cooked less than מאכל בן דרוסאי (1/3 cooked) are not yet considered edible, and do not become bishul akum. If the ingredient is cooked further then the item can still become bishul akum. Therefore, when accepting an ingredient, it is important to find out whether the item is considered cooked and was made bishul Yisroel, or whether it is still considered raw and bishul akum was not yet dealt with. As an example, when accepting blanched potatoes (squash/pumpkin/sweet potatoes…) one must find out whether the potatoes are considered raw or cooked. If they are considered cooked, find out how they dealt with bishul akum. This is especially important when dealing with other hashgachos that may have different standards for bishul akum.

אינו עולה על שולחן מלכים
The Rambam (Machalas Assuros 17:15) explains that since the laws of bishul akum were instituted as a safeguard against intermarriage, Chazal only forbade those foods that would be served at an invitational event (banquet), since these are the types of meals that lead towards intermarriage. Therefore, the Rambam concludes that תורמוסין (lupine beans) are not an issue of bishul akum since they are not עולה על שולחן מלכים. Rav Belsky has said that he believes this still to be true for beans in general. Although one may find beans added to a variety of fancy dishes, in general beans by themselves lack the חשיבות to be עולה על שולחן מלכים.

Chickpeas – We do not consider chickpeas in America to be עולה על שולחן מלכים, however in Middle Eastern countries chickpeas and chumus should be bishul Yisroel.

Chestnut- Should be bishul Yisroel

Imitation foods – Seitan is wheat gluten that is formed into dough, and then boiled until it reaches a consistency similar to that of meat. It is flavored and served as a meat substitute and it can be made into very fancy looking dishes. If the king would be a vegetarian, this is what he’d eat. Is Seitan considered to be עולה על שולחן מלכים?
Rabbi Belsky said that generally speaking, foods that are imitations are not chashuv and cannot be considered עולה על שולחן מלכים. Although these foods may be healthier, they are still not as tasty as the originals that they are trying to imitate. They are only served for health or monetary considerations. Ain anyus b’makom ashirus. Since imitation foods are inherently not chashuv, they are not an issue of bishul akum.

נאכל כמו שהוא חי
Rav Belsky explains that an item which is good to eat raw, even if it is the derech to be cooked, is not subject to bishul akum. Therefore cooked corn need not be bishul Yisroel, since raw corn is also very tasty.
Mishna Berurah (203:11) says that an item which is not eaten raw by itself, but is commonly eaten raw together with another food is also considered נאכל כמו שהוא חי. Therefore, although raw ginger is not eaten plain, since it is eaten with sugar it is exempt from bishul akum. Similarly, cranberries although not eaten raw by themselves, since they are eaten together with sugar in the form of “craisins”, are exempt from bishul akum.

When there is an issue of bishul akum the Mashgiach must light the boiler. There must be a system for knowing that the boiler will not cool down to below 180 F and be turned back on by a non-Jew.

In summary:
• Once must keep in mind which foods are subject to bishul akum
• One must verify whether a bishul akum sensitive ingredient was already cooked by a Yisrael to מאכל בן דרוסאי or whether it is still subject to bishul akum
• Beans, and imitation foods are not subject to bishul akum
• Foods which are tasty raw even though they are usually cooked are not subject to bishul akum
• Foods which are eaten raw together with other ingredients are not subject to bishul akum

Posted by Leah Cooper on 11/06 at 12:48 PM
Kosher ProfessionalsArticles • (0) Comments

Monday, October 26, 2009

ASKOU Outreach Program to Visit Passaic-Clifton Community for Series of Kosher Lectures

Given the enormous success of the Harry H. Beren ASKOU OUTREACH program and its visits to yeshivot, kollelim and semicha programs, ASKOU Outreach is now expanding to major Jewish communities with its first post-Shabbat visits to the Passaic-Clifton community. According to Rabbi Yosef Grossman, OU Director of Kosher Education, the motto of the program is “Understand Kashrut as You’ve Never Understood it Before!”

Rabbi Grossman explained, “Before visiting Lakewood and Monsey, we solely concentrated on yeshivot, kollelim and semicha programs, such as Yeshiva Torah Vodaath, MTJ, Yeshiva University, Ohr HaChaim, Lander College for Men’s Kollel, etc. In Lakewood and Monsey, we discovered that our shiurim also attracted members of the general community, in addition to the local yeshivot such as BMG in Lakewood and Ohr Somayach in Monsey. As a result, we are now broadening our target service group to communities as well. We have already received a very warm welcome in the Passaic – Clifton community through our contacts with the local rabbis and lay leaders.”

The schedule is as follows:

Motzoei Shabbat Parshat Vayeira, November 7 at Congregation Ahavas Israel: 181 Van Houten Avenue
. 8:00 – 9:15 PM – Industrial and Foodservice Kashering and their Equipment Rabbi Moshe Perlmutter – OU Rabbinic Field Representative

9:15 – 10:00 PM – Eating Out – What Could be the Problem? Restaurants, Caterers and the Shabbat Kiddush Rabbi Dov Schreier – OU Rabbinic Coordinator, Foodservice. Free “Eating Out – What Could be the Problem?” pamphlet will be distributed. Motzoei Shabbat Pasrshat Chayei Sarah, November 14 at Beis Torah U’Tefillah: 218 Aycrigg Ave. 8-10:00 PM – Ask the OU Kosher (Passaic) Rabbis: A panel presentation followed by Q & A

Rabbinic Coordinator – Specialty/Topic

Rabbi Yisroel Paretzky – Group Leader, Industrial Kashrut/Baking Industry
Rabbi Eliyahu W. Ferrell – Chemicals
Rabbi Eli Gersten – OU Psak and Policy
Rabbi David Gorelik – Yoshon
Rabbi Yitzchok Gutterman – Refined Oils
Rabbi David Jenkins – How Tootsie Roll became OU certified.
Rabbi Mordechai Merzel – Dairy
Rabbi Gavriel Price – Ingredient Research: The Status of Papaya and its Derivatives in Chutz L’aretz

Free ASK OU DVD will be distributed

Motzoei Shabbat Parshat Toldos, November 21 at Congregation Tifereth Israel – 180 Passaic Ave. 7:45-8:45 PM – Kosher Birds and Eggs – Live Viewing and Demonstration Rabbi Chaim Loike – OU Rabbinic Coordinator 8:45-10:15 – Bedikas Toyloim – A demonstration of How to Check for Insects in Vegetables and Fruits Rabbi Yosef Eisen – Rabbinic Administrator-Vaad of the Five Towns and former OU Rabbinic Coordinator, Foodservice. Free How to Check for Insects DVD will be distributed

Further details are as follows:

• Separate ladies section available for all sessions.
• Pre-registration assures you of seat. Your registration is appreciated but not required.
• For registration call 212-613-8279 or email .
• All presentations will be followed by Q & A sessions. You are encouraged to email your questions in advance to .

For more information, contact Rabbi Grossman at 212-613-8212 or 914-391-9470.

Posted by Leah Cooper on 10/26 at 02:52 PM
OU Kosher: Consumer News • (0) Comments

Thursday, October 22, 2009

“THE ORIGINAL” WRAPOLE’ PREMIUM QUALITY TORTILLAS® NOW CERTIFIED BY THE ORTHODOX UNION

Ellen Libfeld, Vice President of “The Original” WrapOle’ Premium Quality Tortillas®, announced the Orthodox Union will be the certification agency for product made in Florida. All products will continue to be Pas Yisroel and made with the same ingredients customers have enjoyed since 1996. “The Original” WrapOle’ Premium Quality Tortillas®, known for its high quality and great taste, is sought after by the finest chefs, restaurants and caterers. Ms. Libfeld states that this new location will help its expansion into additional markets. WrapOle’s are available in retail packs and restaurant sizes. The retail packs come in six flavors: Original, Tex-Mex, Sesame, Spinach, Wheat with Honey and Challah Aloha. Other flavors available for Food Service include Black Bean, Rye, Mediterranean (Zaatar), Southwestern, Pesto, Marinara, Multi-grain, Golden Asian Fusion and a desert wrap, Luscious Chocolate Orange. For more information about WrapOle‘®, contact Customer Relations, Libfeld, Inc., 866-482-7092 or http://www.wrapole.com.

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Posted by Leah Cooper on 10/22 at 09:48 AM
OU Kosher: Consumer News • (0) Comments

OU Kosher to present ‘Cooking on Shabbat’ webcast, November 17

On the heels of the success of and feedback from previous OU Kosher webcasts to which thousands of listeners have tuned in, OU Kosher will present “Cooking on Shabbat — A Hot Topic — News & Views about Stews & Brews” featuring OU Kosher authorities and senior halachic consultants Rabbi Yisroel Belsky and Rabbi Hershel Schachter. The webcast will take place Tuesday, November 17, 3:30 PM EST. To watch the webcast live, visit http://www.ou.org/ouradio/kosher_webcast/.

The webcast is part of OU Kosher’s continuing educational outreach to the community that includes the “OU Kosher Coming to Schools and Communities” program, and the informative and entertaining Kosher Tidbits postings, now numbering close to 140 on OU Radio. Recent Tidbits include: “Reputation Preservation: Kashrut and Maris Ayin,” featuring Rabbi Dovid Bistricer and “The Milk of Human Kindness,” presented by Rabbi Eli Gersten. They are newly posted on OU Kosher Tidbits http://www.ouradio.org/ouradio/channel/C301.

In announcing the upcoming webcast, Rabi Eliyahu Safran, OU Kosher’s Vice President of Communications and Marketing, spoke of the “beauty of the Shabbat and the imperative to seek every way to enhance its celebration with the finest of Shabbat meals, which include hot foods. When one is familiar with the intricate cooking laws of Shabbat, it’s so much easier to prepare. The knowledge and information to be learned during this webcast is vital for making Shabbat as pleasurable as it should be.”

Topics will include: various types of keilim, bishul achar bishul, use of a blech, crock pot, and urn.

Viewers of the webcast can send in questions before the session starts to Rabbi Safran at or fax to 212-613-0775. During the session they can email Rabbi Eliyahu Ferrell at or fax 212-613-0775.

Posted by Leah Cooper on 10/22 at 09:10 AM
OU Kosher: Consumer News • (0) Comments

Bitul

Although the OU does not allow bitul of non-kosher ingredients, still there are two situations were it is relevant to ascertain whether an ingredient is batel.
• Kashering kailim – if a product is made with a non-kosher ingredient that is batel and will not give ta’am, then there is no need to kasher the equipment.
 This is true even if the non-kosher item is a davar hama’amid, a beryah, or gives chazusa
• Bidieved – if an issur was inadvertently added to a product. While the decision of how to react should be left to the office, accurate information is essential.

Determining whether an ingredient is batel is much more than evaluating ratios. There are numerous halachos that may be involved which require a thorough knowledge of Yoreh Deyah. The following are some points to keep in mind when determining if a non-kosher ingredient is batel:

In determining if an ingredient is batel, one must make sure that the ingredient was added to the batch at a point when there was sufficient heter to be mivatel that item. Otherwise even if the ingredient subsequently becomes less than shishim, it may not be batel because of Chanan1. Therefore, it is not sufficient to know the proportions but one must know the batching process as well.

If a product contains two non-kosher ingredients (e.g. gevinas akum and stam yaynam), so long as each ingredient is batel b’shishim in the product, it does not matter that their combined volume is not batel2.

Bitul is always calculated based on volume not weight. Most often companies report ingredients in terms of weight; this must be converted to volume.
When converting to volume a point to keep in mind is that not all ingredients take up the same amount of volume before and after they are added to a mixture. For example: When a ½ cup of milk is added to 1 cup of flour, the resulting dough will be approximately 1 cup. The milk is absorbed in the flour and may add little or no volume. Rather than viewing the milk as being 1/3 of the volume of the dough, it should be considered to be 1/2 of the dough. Even if the dough subsequently rises to triple its size, we view all of the ingredients as expanding uniformly. Therefore, the dough will remain 50% milk.

It is common for dry milk powder to be used in place of liquid milk in many products. Although milk powder is a more concentrated form of milk, we still consider it to be batel b’shishim, similar to why we consider cheese to be batel b’shishim even though it is a also a more concentrated form of milk3. (A notable exception is grape juice concentrate which must first be reconstituted before evaluating bitul4). If the dairy ingredient gives a noticeable taste then it is not batel even if it is less than 1.6%.

If the non-kosher ingredient can be separated, it is not batel. Therefore, if non-kosher oil is added to a water-based liquid, unless an emulsifier was added the oil will separate from the water. Even if the oil is less than 1.6% of the product it will not be batel because it can be separated5. However, provided the oil remained mixed in the product, there would be no need to kasher the kailim. Likewise powders will become batel in other powders provided that they cannot be separated6. If the non-kosher powder is a coarser consistency that can be separated with a sieve then it will not be batel. Even if a non-kosher powder is not batel in kosher powders, we do not say Chanan7. Therefore, if additional ingredients were added, the non-kosher powder can still be batel b’shishim.
If oil is sprayed on the surface of a product, it will not be batel, since the oil remains b’en. If oil is baked into the surface, the oil will only be batel if there is 60 times its volume in the outer layer of the product.

In summary:
• There must be shishim at the time when the ingredient is added
• Each different non-kosher ingredient is batel b’shishim even if their combined total is not batel b’shishim.
• Bitul is always calculated by volume. When calculating volume of ingredients in the product it is important to realize that volumes can change.
• An ingredient is only batel if it is uniformly distributed throughout the product. If it remains distinct or can be separated, it is not batel.
• Powdered milk is batel according to its current volume.
• Powders can be batel in other powders
• We do not say Chanan regarding mixtures of powders.

—————————————————————————————————-
1. Most issurim can create Chanan; however one notable exception is chalav stam.
2. Shulchan Aruch Y.D. 98:9
3. We evaluate each ingredient based on the form in which it presents itself. Chazal did not say that every item will give ta’am until 60 times but rather that we use 60 as a lo plug. However, if the ingredient does indeed give ta’am, it is not batel just like an avida l’ta’ama is not batel.
4. Wine that is reconstituted to its natural form is considered to be wine for all purposes. It will only become batel if it is diluted six parts more.
5. Rama Y.D. 98:4
6. Mishna Berurah 453:25
7. N-25: Rav Belsky explains that we only say Chanan when there is a transfer of ta’am. This does not take place when powders are mixed.

Posted by Leah Cooper on 10/22 at 09:08 AM
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Tuesday, September 15, 2009

Sake and Miso


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י"ז תמוז אשר במהרה יתהפך לנו ליום שמחה
כבוד הרבנים החשובים שליט"א

תמוה לי קצת הנושא אודות חשש בישול גוים – כי ראיתי הרב בעלסקי שליט"א כותב שכל מתחלה נעשה הבישול רק כדי לעשות ממנו דבר שאינו עולה על שלחן מלכים אז אין כאן חשש בישול עכו"ם [וזה ההיתר שנוקטים האו יו ברייז קריספיס, ששם מבשלים האורז מתחלה בבישול גמור] וא"כ לכאורה לפי זה הכא נמי כיון שלבסוף יה' זה מים, אז מתחלה מעולם לא חל האיסור

בכל הכבוד
אהרן גאלדמינצער

Dear Rabbi Goldmintzer,

The psak from Rav Belsky that you were referring to is explained in Teshuva A-143 regarding miso. The reason to be maikel not to consider miso as bishul akum even though it is made from cooked rice is because it is made into a rice drink which is not olah al shulchan melachim in one continuous process תהליך בלתי-נפסק. Only then can we say that the rice never became issur and we can look at the end result. In Sake production first rice is prepared in a way that it is olah al shulchan melachim and becomes assur. Only later is this rice converted into a drink. Once the rice becomes assur, the issur can not merely be removed by making it no longer olah al shulchan melachim.

A-143
Rice Pudding and Miso

מפעל של נכרים ובו עושים ריי"ס פודינ"ג (rice pudding), ואורז יש בו משום בשול עכו"ם, שהרי עולה הוא על שולחן מלכים אך הריי"ס פודינ"ג הזה אינו עולה על שולחן מלכים, אכן אילו היו מפסיקים את תהליך הבשול באמצע הי' האורז שפיר נשאר עולה על שולחן מלכים, אלא שהנכרי מדליק את האש (או דוחק את הכפתור) ומתחיל תהליך בלתי-נפסק שסופו של המאכל ליהפך לאינו עולה על שולחן מלכים.

ונראה, דבאבני נזר סימן ק' הביא שנחלקו האחרונים במקרה שבישל הנכרי איזה מאכל כמאכל בן דרוסאי ונאסר, ושוב לקחו הישראל וגמר את בשולו, אם לדון בישולי גוים כמאכלות אסורות ולומר בו דטריפה אינה חוזרת להכשרה, או לדון בישולי גוים כאיסור התקרבות (אך לא כמאכלות אסורות), וממילא לא ינהוג בו כלל זה. וקיי"ל לקולא בפרט זה (כמבואר ברמ"א סימן קי"ג ס"ק ט').

והוא הדין הכא, אף שבאמצע תהליך הבשול כבר נאסר האורז הזה, אך לא חל בו הך כללא דמאכל שנאסר אינו חוזר להיתרו, וממילא נראה לומר שכמו שאילו הי' הישראל גומר את הבשול הי' חוזר המאכל האסור הזה להיתרו, כמו כן בנידון זה מאחר שהבשול הזה עומד הוא מתחילתו להופכו להמאכל שאינו עולה על שולחן מלכים, נראה להתיר. כן דעתי נוטה.

צבי שכטר
עש"ק פ' וירא תשס"ג
Rav Belsky commented as follows:
לשון הרשב"א בתורת הבית הארוך בבשלו עכו"ם כמאכל בן דרוסאי ונאסר ואחר כך גמרו ישראל "דחוזר להכשירו" וכן הכא, ויפה כתב ידידי לעיל.

אלא שלדעתי לא צריך לזה כי אין להתחשב במה שנחשב עולה על שולחן מלכים באמצע בתהליך כי בשעת מעשה לא ראוי לאכילה כי קדירה רותחת אינה ראוי' כבגמ' ביצה (דף כו: וכז.) אלא שלא נתקצה כי הויתו בידי אדם עי"ש אבל לחשבו ראוי למלכים על שם אותו רגע כמימריה באמצע התהליך בזמן שהוא רותח לא מסתבר כלל.

י. בעלסקי
כ"ה מרחשון תשס"ג

Posted by Leah Cooper on 09/15 at 02:01 PM
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Constant Review is Required: An Inspection Report

When this plant was first set up as a kosher facility, it was known that they had a non-kosher plant that produces assorted products on the same campus. Of course, the issue of steam return condensate was brought up. It turned out that condensation from the non-kosher factory was not being returned to the boiler so there was no problem to certify the kosher division.

The condensate issue was brought up from time to time when RC’s would visit this factory and is reviewed during my inspections.

During my recent visit, I inquired about the condensate return from the non-kosher plant. It turned out that since my last visit (and not before), the company decided to return the condensate to the boiler, because: 1) since the steam system was heating the non-kosher plant all year, it would be a waste of energy and money to dump the condensate; 2) steam was heating kettles to cook non-kosher icing.

We rectified the problem by requiring the condensate return be dumped and I locked the necessary valve to prevent its return.

Within the next coming month, the company will cut the steam return directly at the cooking kettles so the steam from the heating system (from the effectively kosher parts of the plant) can be returned accomplishing the original goal for the majority of the plant.

In conclusion, issues like this should be constantly reviewed with the company. In this instance, the mistake was caught early enough that major kashrus issues would not be involved.
Posted by Leah Cooper on 09/15 at 02:00 PM
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Recycled Ingredients

A basic phenomenon in chemistry plays a crucial role in industrial kashrus. When two chemicals react with one another, one will be used up before the other. The chemical used up first is called a “limiting reactant” and the chemical which is not used up is an “excess reactant”. Often the excess reactant is recovered, purified, and used again in another production.

Consider a scenario in which the limiting reactant is non-kosher, the excess reactant is kosher, and the heat needed for the reaction is 200 Fahrenheit. The excess reactant, after the reaction, becomes non-kosher. It is recovered and used in a different reaction. Without knowledge of the previous reaction, a mashgiach may believe that the ingredient is as kosher as it was originally.

This scenario is not academic. One example of the reuse of an excess reactant is in the production of a chemical compound called a methyl ester. Methyl esters are used in the production of sucrose polyester, which is used as a fat replacement in some well-known snack products.
In a non-kosher version of this production, methanol, which is a petrochemical, is reacted with tallow. Methanol is the excess reactant and tallow is the limiting reactant. Methanol recovered from the reaction is purified and reused in future methyl ester production:

Another reaction involves lard with acetic acid (also a petrochemical). The acetic acid is the excess reactant. In this case the excess acetic acid is not reused in the same process but returned to the original acetic acid supplier:

This practice prompted the IAR to review the global acetic acid industry to determine whether acetic acid could remain a group one (it turned out this practice was unusual, if not unique, and that the “dirty” acetic acid was being added not to virgin glacial acetic acid but to a side stream product).
A variation on the practice of reusing ingredients involves recycling a solvent for both kosher and non-kosher ingredients. A solvent is a liquid used to separate certain ingredients from a substance while leaving others behind (when we put tea leaves in water, water is a solvent for the flavor, color, caffeine, and other organic compounds). Solvents can be used in industrial food production to “wash” impurities from a product. Isopropanol is used to remove impurities in the production of xanthan gum. Dichloromethane is a solvent in the vitamin encapsulation process. Ethanol, water, and other liquids are also solvents in industrial production.

Solvents are sometimes used through multiple productions. Thus, a Rav Hamachshir for a Pesach production that uses a solvent should not merely determine whether the solvent is, itself, kosher for Pesach. He must also determine whether it has been used in a previous production.

An excess reactant destined for a second production or a reusable solvent may be toxic and objectionable – so foul that even a dog would think twice before eating it. The question of using such a substance that already absorbed חמץ orאיסור is a שאלת חכם.

Finally, it is worth reminding ourselves that tracking rework should be on a mashgiach’s checklist. Manufacturers of margarine, ice cream, dressings and other foods do not throw away product simply because it does not meet their specifications. Rather, imperfect product is often reworked and reprocessed in a subsequent run. Confirming that all raw materials are in fact “raw” will eliminate any complication.
Posted by Leah Cooper on 09/15 at 01:57 PM
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Friday, September 11, 2009

Heering® Coffee OU Certification Announced

Kindred Spirits of North America, Inc. has announced that HEERING® COFFEE liqueur has been certified by the Orthodox Union. The OU, termed a “coveted seal of approval” by The New York Times, is one of the world’s best-known trademarks. Comparing it to the UL®, Forbes Magazine wrote, “If you want to know your food is kosher, you can look for the Orthodox Union’s OU symbol.” There are more than 400,000 approved OU products located in 80 countries around the world.

HEERING COFFEE liqueur is made from a recipe using only natural ingredients and with no additives or artificial colouring. The base is a smooth blend of Caribbean rum, coffee and cacao. HEERING COFFEE liqueur can be enjoyed after dinner as a digestive but it is also excellent as a base for cocktails and long drinks.

"Cherry Heering has long been OU certified and I have no doubt that Coffee Heering will undoubtedly find its place of distinction within the ever growing worldwide kosher market place,” stated Rabbi Eliyahu Safran, OU Kosher's Vice President of Communications and Marketing in welcoming Coffee Heering to the ever growing list of the finest liqueurs that have attained OU kosher certification.

HEERING® COFFEE liqueur was introduced for the first time on the world market during the UK Bar Show in June 2007.

“The Heering liqueur brands are among some of the most recognizable and credible brands in the world,” stated Adéle Nilsson, CEO, The Xanté Company/Peter F. Heering. The Heering high brand standards are now aligned with the highest standards of kosher certification.”

The Heering brands have more than two centuries of history, beginning with the CHERRY HEERING® liqueur, which has been produced in Denmark since 1818. Since the re-introduction of CHERRY HEERING liqueur, the brand is making its presence undeniably known in the U.S. among discerning consumers and talented mixologists. CHERRY HEERING® liqueur, purveyor to H.M. Queen Margrethe II of Denmark and H.M. Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom is the original “Cherry Brandy.”

The re-introduction of CHERRY HEERING and debut of HEERING COFFEE liqueur in the U.S., brings with them new campaigns which will reinforce the brands’ authenticity and style.

HEERING® COFFEE liqueur OU labeled bottles will be available starting in the Fall of 2009.

For more information on CHERRY HEERING & HEERING COFFEE liqueur, please visit http://www.heering.com.
Posted by Leah Cooper on 09/11 at 01:19 PM
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Fish and Meat

The Gemara Pesachim (76b) teaches that one may not cook fish and meat together since this combination is considered a sakana. Shulchan Aruch (Y.D. 116:2-3) adds that one may not even eat meat after fish or fish after meat unless one eats and drinks in between1. Rama adds that one should not cook open meat and fish in the same oven because of raicha (aroma), though bidieved we say that raicha lav milsa. Magen Avrohom (O.C. 173:1) questions whether this sakana still exists today, however the minhag is still to be machmir.

Taz 116:2 says that fish cooked with meat is forbidden, even if the fish is batel b’shishim. Although issurim are batel b’shishim, since fish and meat is a sakana, we have no right to assume that it follows the same guidelines. “Chamira sakanta m’issura”.

However, Shach (Nikudas Hakesef) disagrees and maintains that fish is batel b’shishim in meat. This is the accepted opinion of most poskim. The Shevus Yaakov adds that since today it is questionable whether there exists any sakana (Magen Avrohom), one need not be machmir when there is shishim.

Therefore, products that contain amounts of fish that are not batel b’shishim must be labeled OU Fish, so that consumers will not unwittingly eat the product together with meat. If the amount of fish in the product is batel b’shishim, we do not require the product to be labeled OU Fish, provided that the fish ingredient is mentioned somewhere on the packaging. In this way, those who wish to be machmir for the opinion of Taz can do so by scanning the ingredient label. If the fish ingredient is not listed on the label or is ambiguous, (Omega-3 oil) then the product should be labeled OU Fish.

However, Rav Belsky said that if the product contains fish gelatin that is batel b’shishim then there is no need to label the product OU Fish even if it does not appear in the ingredients. For example, some flavors use fish gelatin as a carrier and would not be listed. If the amount of gelatin is batel b’shishim, there is no need to label the product OU Fish, even though fish is not listed on the packaging. Since fish gelatin is denatured and then refined, it is unclear whether there is any sakana for it to be eaten with meat. In this case, we need not be machmir provided it is batel b’shishim.

Although there is no chashash that dairy items will be eaten together with meat, still it is proper to label them OU Dairy Fish if the fish is not batel b’shishim to accommodate Sefardim that consider it a sakana to eat dairy and fish together.

It should be noted that though there is a sakana to eat meat and fish together, it is permissible to cook meat in fish kailim or to cook fish in meat kailim3. This is even true of a davar charif. For example an onion cut with a meat knife may be cooked together fish4. However, all of this is provided that the kailim are clean from all residue. It is not sufficient to merely wipe off a knife or spatula that was used for meat to then use it for fish, but rather it must be properly cleaned.

Summary: Because of the potential sakana of eating fish and meat together
• We must label foods OU Fish if they contain levels of fish that are not batel
• If the amount of fish is batel and it is listed on the ingredient panel then it need not be labeled OU Fish.
• Fish gelatin that is batel in a product need not be labeled OU Fish
• It is proper to label dairy items that contain fish OU Dairy Fish
• Although there is no sakana to cook fish with meat kailim, the kailim must be clean.

——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————-
1. Shulchan Aruch also requires washing one’s hands between fish and meat, but Rama says that this is not necessary.
2. It is clear from the Poskim that discuss this issue that they are still concerned about sakana even today. However, the opinion of the Magen Avrohom is used as a mitigating factor when there are other reasons to be lenient (See Shevus Yaakov III:70 and Yad Efrayim Y.D. 116).
3. Issur V’heter brought by Taz Y.D. 116:2
4. Sefer Davar Charif 15:3

Posted by Leah Cooper on 09/11 at 09:51 AM
Fish ProductsMeat ProductsConsumer KosherPractical KashruthKosher ProfessionalsArticles • (2) Comments

Thursday, September 03, 2009

OU’s First Advanced Kashrut Seminar for Women:  Food for Thought on the Intricacies of Kosher

As millions of students of all ages were enjoying their last days of summer freedom before heading back to school, the Orthodox Union got a jump on the academic year by kicking off its weeklong Advanced Kashrut Seminar for Women, the OU’s first-ever course for women. Twenty-five women participated in the program.

Sessions included: Keeping Your Kosher Kitchen Kosher; Identifying Kosher Birds; Kosher Wine and Grape Juice Production; and OU Kosher Marketing, among many others; while field trips included outings to Dougies Brooklyn, a restaurant, and the enormous catering kitchen at the Grand Hyatt Hotel in Manhattan.

Among the women who not only willingly, but excitedly signed up to return to “school,” were two doctors – a clinical psychologist from Brooklyn and an MD who recently married a rabbi and returned to her native Australia immediately following the program. In addition, several school teachers; a trained chef; two graduate students in different programs at a prestigious university; several baalot teshuva (returnees to the faith); a food scientist; and even OU Kosher staff member, Ziporah Thee, who took a week’s vacation from work so she could attend this seminar.

The women unanimously agreed that the seminar, encompassing an amazing breadth of information, was a week of informative classes, interesting field trips, and dynamic teachers willing to answer any question, no matter how seemingly insignificant.

Rabbi Yosef Grossman, the OU’s Director of Kosher Education and the coordinator of the seminar, declared, “It was most gratifying to be able to be coordinate the first Advanced Kashrut Seminar for Women on behalf of the OU. Our participants ranged from near and far; from Edmonton, Canada, to Efrat, Israel, to Melbourne, Australia. They represented a broad spectrum of Orthodoxy, from modern orthodoxy to Satmar. We at the OU take great pleasure in the fact that we were able to offer an advanced, in-depth course which met the diverse kosher educational needs of our participants.”

Rabbi Steven Weil, Executive Vice President of the OU, stated in his greetings to the women on behalf of the OU staff, "At the Orthodox Union, what we do is kashrut for the sake of kashrut, providing the highest standard without the profit motive.” Rabbi Weil noted that the revenues of OU Kosher go to fund a large variety of programs worldwide, such as NCSY, the OU’s international youth organization; the Job Board; Synagogue and Community Services; educational services; the Jewish Life on Campus Initiative (JLIC); and Yachad/Our Way, the National Jewish Council for Disabilities.

Rabbi Menachem Genack, Chief Executive Officer of OU Kosher, stated, "OU Kosher is constantly expanding its horizons in terms of the educational programs it offers to the community. The Advanced Kashrut Program for women satisfied a very real need and attracted a wide variety of participants. I commend Rabbi Grossman and the kashrut staff for their continuing and extraordinary efforts and look forward to the OU's future efforts in the field of kosher education."

Among the sessions was Rabbi Chaim Loike’s class on “Identifying Kosher Birds.” Rabbi Loike, an OU rabbinic coordinator and the organization’s resident “bird expert,” spoke about how to identify kosher and non-kosher birds; controversies in the world of certifying kosher birds; and touched upon his experiences studying the anatomy of different birds in the archives of the Museum of Natural History.

Phyllis Koegel, the OU’s New Business and Development/Marketing Associate, spoke to the women about traveling around the world to promote OU kosher certification companies, a job she called alternatively “glamorous and tough work.” And, despite her job traveling to cities throughout the United States and even to China to meet with industry executives, Ms. Koegel said it was the women at the seminar who were more challenging. “The women participating in the OU kashrut seminar are all extremely well-learned and took this course very seriously,” she commented. “The extent of their knowledge, made evident by their penetrating questions and incisive comments, impressed me a great deal.”

Rabbi Dov Schreier, OU rabbinic coordinator, led the women on several field trips to various sites, including the restaurant Dougies Brooklyn, where he spoke on “Going Out to Eat – What Could Be the Problem?” Among the things covered during the class was a review of a fictitious catering menu riddled with errors for a Shabbat simcha, in which Rabbi Schreier asked the women to identify the mistakes inserted on purpose. Within each meal, the women had no problem calling out potential problems, such as making sure the lettuce was pre-washed; the strawberries were checked for bugs; and catching a fish dish that was to be served at the same time as a meat dish. Rabbi Schreier stated, “Having been involved in almost all the ASK OU seminars in the last decade, I was greatly impressed with the women’s level of knowledge, enthusiasm and with the wide range of society from which they come. These women truly enhanced the quality of our OU Kosher educational programs.”

At the conclusion of the course, the women received certificates of completion for the weeklong seminar, but it was only a small, tangible item symbolizing a lot more: a week of new connections and friendships among women all passionate about kosher food and the laws surrounding it; a week of new discoveries and lessons learned; and a week of Jewish enrichment that is sure to become a regular offering.

Esther Rabinowitz, a clinical psychologist of Brooklyn, NY, said she first became aware of this course from a newspaper ad. “Since I have a scientific background in psychology, I wanted to enhance my knowledge in another science – that of kashrut,” explained Dr. Rabinowitz. “Additionally, my son is very learned and works in the food industry, and we frequently have intricate discussions about certain food issues. When I told him I was considering participating in this course, he thought it was a great idea and urged me to take it. And it really was a terrific experience.”

Tamara Rice, of Washington Heights, NY, was told of the program by her husband, a rabbinical student at Yeshiva University, who this year will coincidentally be studying kashrut with Rav Herschel Schachter, Rosh Kollel at YU and OU Kosher halachic consultant. Rav Schachter delivered a shiur (class) on “Halachos (Jewish laws) of Kashrut,” to the women before moderating an “Ask the Rabbi” session. “Since my husband spent the whole summer preparing for learning this year,” said Mrs. Rice, “I decided to take the opportunity to learn the issues he was studying myself – and even ended up sharing one of his teachers.”

Her friend Rachelle Schoenfeld, of Woodmere on Long Island, is about to begin her last year of graduate studies in an occupational therapy program at New York University; when Ms. Rice asked if she wanted to join her in the seminar, she immediately jumped at the chance. “Even though I’m on vacation from school right now,” said Ms. Schoenfeld, “I was immediately interested in taking this seminar, and I did receive quite an education. When I came home the first day and my mother asked me what I learned, I truly did not know where to start!”

Ms. Schoenfeld wasn’t the only student using the summer months to continue her education. Shayna Weiss, of Washington Heights, NY, is set to begin her second year of a five-year Jewish Studies program in the graduate department of NYU in just a couple of weeks. “Since learning about this program from Drisha Institute for Women, where I used to be a full-time student, I knew I wanted to get the OU’s take on exploring the cultural and social implications that kosher food has with people, something I study in school,” explained Ms. Weiss. Ms. Weiss said she liked learning best the cultural interaction of kosher food and people; how OU Kosher markets itself to a higher standard, which OU sales expert Phyllis Koegel touched upon in her talk; and Rabbi Loike’s experience of visiting the Museum of Natural History to explore the anatomies of many of their different birds to better understand the differences between kosher and non-kosher members of the species.

All the participants are passionate about kosher food, but two of them have helped make it hip to the 21st century. Esti Berkowitz, of Kew Gardens Hills, in Queens, NY, is a “mom blogger and kosher food advocate” who maintains several blogs about parenting and kosher food, especially traveling with children and keeping kosher on the road. Ms. Berkowitz, who is often asked about kosher food while networking with other bloggers and attending national conferences on blogging, said she hopes this course will allow her be even better-prepared to answer the numerous questions she receives. “When I’m educating other people about kashrut, I have to be the best resource I can possibly be,” she explained. “I also hope that this course not only solidifies my kosher food education but helps me connect with other people who are as excited about kosher food as I am.”

And Arlene Mathes-Scharf, of Sharon, MA, who holds a Masters in Food Science from MIT, was the first person to post real-time kashrut alerts on the Internet 13 years ago. Though a standard service now of kashrut agencies, just a little over a decade ago no one was utilizing the emerging technology of the Web to call kosher consumers’ attention to mislabeled products. “When my friend told me about a pepperoni pizza in a local grocery store that had an OU label on it,” she remembered, “I knew it was obviously mislabeled. And though I called the attention of the OU to it, and they published a notice in our local Jewish paper, I realized that people who didn’t subscribe to it or read it would remain unaware.” And so, she began posting mislabeled products online, which soon grew into a full-scale website called Kashrut.com. The site receives up to 40,000 visitors a month, a number that doubles around Passover, when she posts lists of Kosher for Passover food items and links to the sites of kosher organizations that also have extensive lists.

All the women who attended the Advanced Kashrut Seminar traveled to OU headquarters or the sites of the field trips every day, but it was Alizah Hochstead who initially had the longest commute – all the way from Efrat, Israel. “I scheduled some other things to do in America at the same time as this program” explained Mrs. Hochstead, “but the course was the primary reason of why I decided to come.” Mrs. Hochstead, who is on the Religious Council of Efrat and serves as a mashgicha (kosher supervisor) for the restaurants and other kosher establishments in the town, said, “I am always looking to increase my knowledge, especially in areas of kashrut. As I expect that Efrat will keep growing, and more kosher places will be set up, I am especially interested in learning more about the industrialization and catering sides of the kosher industry, two areas that we studied in great detail this week.” Her only complaint about the course? “It was too short,” she noted.

Rochel Bomzer, of Albany, NY, is the rebbetzin of Congregation Beth Abraham Jacob, a synagogue that is over 150 years old. Besides being one-half of the spiritual leadership of the synagogue and of Albany’s Orthodox community, Mrs. Bomzer also serves as a mashgicha (kosher supervisor) for the kosher establishments in Albany, including the kosher kitchen in the University of Albany and a small bagel café that operates in a Price Chopper Supermarket. “Because I have 20 years of experience in supervising the kashrut of different kosher places in Albany, I was interested in strengthening my knowledge about what goes on in a catering facility or restaurant,” said Mrs. Bomzer. “And while the Grand Hyatt tour was particularly fascinating, I ended up learning a tremendous amount about all different aspects of kashrut, particularly from Rav Schachter.”

For Leonie Hardy, a medical doctor and native of Australia, taking this seminar was only one endeavor amid many other life-changing ventures in recent weeks: she got married a month ago and is in the midst of packing all her belongings to move back home to Australia, where she and her husband are to become the rabbi and rebbetzin of a local synagogue. “I spent the last two years in the Graduate Program for Women in advanced Talmudic Studies at Stern College for Women, where I received a very thorough education in the theoretical side of Jewish laws,” described Ms. Hardy. “When I heard about this OU program, I thought it would make a very nice adjunct of practical, hands-on study.” Ms. Hardy explained that her intensive study of kosher laws, made clearer this week by OU experts, will help her teach them herself when she becomes a community leader and informal teacher in Australia.

To see photos of the event please click below!

OUs_Advanced_Kosher_Prog._for_Women_Pictures_.pdf
Posted by Leah Cooper on 09/03 at 02:35 PM
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Wednesday, August 19, 2009

Statement from OU Kashruth Department

A recent article raised questions about the standards of Israeli food establishments under OU supervision. The article did not claim that kashrus was compromised. Rabbi Yosef Minsky, the OU representative in Israel, has informed us, and our initial review and consultation with other agencies in Israel indicate, that the standards in place are essentially comparable with other reliable mehadrin agencies and Badatzim in Israel.

Rabbi Yaakov Luban, Senior OU Rabbinic Coordinator, who has extensive knowledge of food service establishments, is being dispatched to Israel this week, and will perform a thorough review of the OU operation. For the past 25 years, Rabbi Luban has been involved with food service establishments in various capacities; as a Rabbi in Edison, NJ, OU Rabbinic Coordinator, and auditor of local Vaadim around the country.

Posted by yk on 08/19 at 01:04 PM
OU Kosher: Consumer News • (0) Comments

Creating Pas Yisroel

The Mishna in Avoda Zara (35b) tells us that Chazal forbade pas akum. The Gemara (36b) explains that this was done as a geder to avoid intermarriage. However Tosfos1 bring a Yerushalmi that says that a later Bes Din removed this issur. The exact extent of this retraction is a disagreement between the Mechaber and the Rama. While all agree that bread baked by an akum for personal use is still forbidden, there are differing opinions as to how careful one must be to avoid eating pas palter, bread baked by an akum for the purpose of selling.

The Rama (Toras Chatas 75:1) says that the general custom is to permit pas palter even if pas Yisroel is readily available, except during Asseres Yimay Teshuva when one should try to be as strict as possible2. In Darchei Moshe (O.C. 242) the Rama extends this to Shabbos and Yom Tov as well. The minhag of Ashkenazim is to follow the opinion of Rama.

However, the Mechaber (Y.D. 112:2) says that one may only be lenient to purchase pas palter if pas Yisroel is unavailable or of inferior quality. The minhag of Sefardim is to follow the opinion of the Mechaber.

How does one create pas Yisrael? If a Jew has some involvement in the baking of the bread then this bread can be considered pas Yisroel. Therefore it is considered pas Yisroel:
• If a Jew places the bread into the oven (אפיה)
• If a Jew turns on the oven (שגירת התנור)
• If a Jew raises the temperature of the oven causing more gas to flow3, even if he subsequently lowers it. (השלחת קיסם)

Rav Belsky has said that if a Jew turned on the fire or raised the temperature, even if the oven is subsequently turned off and turned back on by a non-Jew, the bread baked in the oven can still be considered pas Yisroel, so long as the oven did not cool down to below 176 F (80 C). This is the approximate lowest temperature at which foods will still cook. Since the dough will eventually cook in this oven even without the akum turning back on the fire, it is considered pas Yisroel. The OU does not accept the use of a light bulb or glow plug in maintaining pas Yisroel, since this will not cause the oven to maintain 176 F. If a heating rod can be installed that will permanently heat the entire oven to 176 F then this is acceptable.

When installing a heating rod in a tunnel oven, how much of the oven must be continuously heated to 176 F? Recently a bakery was interested in producing pas Yisroel in a tunnel oven. Rabbi Belsky ruled that only the section of the oven in which krimas hapas takes place must always be heated to 176 F. Krimas hapas is the point when the dough no longer remains stringy but begins to harden like bread. Although this particular oven was 60 feet long, only the few feet of oven in which krimas hapas took place needed to have a heating rod installed.

The pas palter leniency only applies to breads or pas haba b’kisnin (cakes, cookies, etc…). Pastries that are cooked or fried, even though they are Mezonos, may be subject to the halachos of bishul akum. Therefore, one must make sure that there is no issue of bishul akum before certifying blintzes and cannolis.

Although the Taz (Y.D. 112:7) says that the leniency of pas palter does not apply to Jewish owned bakeries in which an akum bakes the breads without involvement of a Jew, Igeros Moshe (Y.D. I:45) explains that this is only applicable to small bakeries in which the bread could have been baked by the Jew without the need for hiring employees. In an industrial bakery that has many employees this rule does not apply.

Summary of halachos:
• There is a machlokes Mechaber and Rama as to whether one may eat pas palter when pas Yisroel is available.
• It is proper to only eat pas Yisroel on Shabbos Yom Tov and Asseres Yimay Teshuva
• It is pas Yisroel if the Jew puts the dough in the oven
• If the Jew turns on or adds fuel to the fire, bread baked in the oven will be considered pas Yisroel so long as the temperature doesn’t drop below 176 F
• Light bulbs and glow plugs do not maintain an oven temperature of 176 F, so they cannot be used to create pas Yisroel
• Only the section of a tunnel oven where krimas hapas takes place needs to maintain 176 F
• Fried or cooked dough is not considered pas and is therefore subject to the laws of bishul akum
• A Jewish owned bakery is eligible for the leniency of pas palter provided it requires many workers to operate.




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1. Tosafos A.Z. 35b s.v. Michlal
2. Many cereals may be eaten during Asseres Yimay Teshuva because they lack tzuras hapas (for example shredded wheat and flakes). Rav Belsky and Rav Schachter also maintain that Cheerios is not considered pas, because of its small size and the way it is dried.
3. Although one may argue that turning up the thermostat and allowing more gas to flow is simply a gramma and should not be considered a full involvement of a Yisroel, still Rav Belsky explained that since this is the ordinary way in which people bake, for the purpose of pas Yisroel it is adequate.
Posted by Leah Cooper on 08/19 at 10:25 AM
Breads, Muffins & RollsKosher ProfessionalsAudio Shiurim • (0) Comments
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